Cytochome-C Comparison Lab

Cytochome-C Comparison Lab 



PURPOSE: To compare the relatedness between organisms by examining the amino acid sequence in the protein, Cytochrome C.

Cytochome-C
Small protein from eucariotic cell,
Associated will in member of the mitocondray,
 Is molecules oxidizable ,
 Hemoproteinthe
Funcion part of electon transporchain produce energi (ATP)

This test will see the difference in cytochrome-C have the following animals

Horse -Donki- - MAMMALS
Chiken-Penguin- BIRDS
Snake-REPTILE
Silkworm moth-INSECT
Yeast-FUNGI
Wheat-PLANTS

METHOD 

Compare the amino acid sequence of Cytochrome-C in various organisms.
. Count and record the total number of differences.
Share your data with the rest of the class and complete
Make a branching tree, or cladogram with results


TABLE

Differences between amino acid sequences in Cytochrome C protein for nine species.

	Horse	Donkey	Whale	Chiken	Penguin	Snake	Moth	Yeast	Wheat
Horse	0
Donkey	0	0
Whale	5	4	0
Chiken	11	10	9	0
Penguin	13	12	10	3	0
Snake	21	29	18	18	19	0
Moth	24	23	22	23	23	26	0
Yeast	40	39	39	40	39	40	46	0
Wheat	38	37	36	39	39	37	40	43	0

Cladogram

Image the blog ines: llimona http://ilsciencelab.blogspot.com.

QUESTIONS

1-) How many Cytochrome C amino acid sequence differences are there between chickens and turkeys? 0
2-)Make a branching tree, or cladogram for chickens, penguins, and turkeys.

3-) Predict the number of Cytochrome C amino acid sequence differences you would expect to see between
a). horse and zebra? 1-2 aprox
b). donkey and zebra?1-2 aprox



4-) What other information did you use to make this prediction?

	Horse	Penguin	Snake	Tuna	Moth	Yeast	Wheat
Tomato hornworm moth	26	18	24	28	5	42	38

5-) List three other things used to determine how organisms are related to each other? If they can reproduce and the offspring is fertile compering organs proce anatomic

6-) Explain why more closely related organisms have more similar Cytochrome C ? Are evolutionarily and not as separate DNA canviado not therefore less time with less canvios occur in the evolution of the species

7-) Other data, including other genes, suggests that fungi are more closely related to animals than plants.What are some reasons that the Cytochrome C data suggests that fungi, plants, and animals are equally distantly related? Based on a number of mutations as over forty are no longer compatiobles among them, have undergone many mutations